From RPA to Intelligent Process Automation Businesses are composed of countless interconnected processes—from customer acquisition to financial management—and over the years, automation has played a pivotal role in managing these complexities. Early forms of automation, like Robotic Process Automation (RPA), allowed companies to handle repetitive, rule-based tasks, freeing up humans for higher-value work. However, despite the promise, RPA often failed to scale or address unstructured data, leaving a huge gap in enterprise-wide adoption. Today, we are at the cusp of a new era in process automation, driven by the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). These AI systems go far beyond the simple, rule-based bots of yesteryear, offering more intelligent, adaptable, and expansive solutions. By exploring the evolution of process automation across three generations—from rule-based automation to today’s LLM-powered AI agents—we’ll understand how this shift creates new opportunities for businesses and startups alike.

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